| Allspice |
1 tsp |
1/2 tsp cinnamon, 1/4 tsp ginger, and 1/4 tsp cloves |
| Arrowroot Starch |
1 tsp |
1 tbsp flour, OR 1 tsp cornstarch |
| Baking Mix |
1 cup |
1 cup pancake mix OR 1 cup easy biscuit mixture |
| Baking Powder |
1 tsp |
1/4 tsp baking soda plus 1/2 tsp cream of tartar OR 1/4 tsp baking soda plus 1/2 cup buttermilk (decrease liquid in recipe by 1/2 cup) |
| Beer |
1 cup |
1 cup nonalcoholic beer OR 1 cup chicken broth |
| Brandy |
1/4 cup |
1 tsp imitation brandy extract plus enough water to make 1/4 cup |
| Bread Crumbs |
1 cup |
1 cup cracker crumbs OR 1 cup matzo meal OR 1 cup ground oats |
| Broth: Beef or Chicken |
1 cup |
1 bouillon cube plus 1 cup boiling water OR 1 tbsp soy sauce plus enough water to make 1 cup OR 1 cup vegetable broth |
| Brown Sugar |
1 cup, packed |
1 cup white sugar plus 1/4 cup molasses and decrease the liquid in recipe by 1/4 cup OR 1 cup white sugar OR 1 1/4 cups confectioners' sugar |
| Butter (salted) |
1 cup |
1 cup margarine OR 1 cup shortening plus 1/2 tsp salt OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil plus 1/2 tsp salt OR 7/8 cup lard plus 1/2 tsp salt |
| Butter (unsalted) |
1 cup |
1 cup shortening OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil OR 7/8 cup lard |
| Buttermilk |
1 cup |
1 cup yogurt OR 1 tbsp lemon juice or vinegar plus enough milk to make 1 cup |
| Cheddar Cheese |
1 cup shredded |
1 cup shredded colby cheddar OR 1 cup shredded monterey jack cheese |
| Chervil |
1 tbsp chopped fresh |
1 tbsp chopped fresh parsley |
| Chicken Base |
1 tbsp |
1 cup canned or homemade chicken broth or stock. Reduce liquid in recipe by 1 cup |
| Chinese Black Vinegar |
1 cup |
Equal parts of rice wine vinegar and balsamic vinegar |
| Chocolate (semisweet) |
1 ounce |
1 (1-ounce) square of unsweetened chocolate plus 4 tsps sugar OR 1 ounce semisweet chocolate chips plus 1 tsp shortening |
| Chocolate (unsweetened) |
1 ounce |
3 tbsps unsweetened cocoa plus 1 tbsp shortening or vegetable oil |
| Cocoa |
1/4 cup |
1 (1-ounce) square unsweetened chocolate |
| Condensed Cream of Mushroom Soup |
1 (10.75-ounce) can |
1 (10.75-ounce) can condensed cream of celery, cream of chicken, OR golden mushroom soup |
| Corn Syrup |
1 cup |
1 1/4 cup white sugar plus 1/3 cup water OR 1 cup honey OR 1 cup light treacle syrup |
| Cottage Cheese |
1 cup |
1 cup farmer's cheese OR 1 cup ricotta cheese |
| Cracker Crumbs |
1 cup |
1 cup bread crumbs OR 1 cup matzo meal OR 1 cup ground oats |
| Cream (half and half) |
1 cup |
7/8 cup milk plus 1 tbsp butter |
| Cream (heavy) |
1 cup |
1 cup evaporated milk OR 3/4 cup milk plus 1/3 cup butter |
| Cream (light) |
1 cup |
1 cup evaporated milk OR 3/4 cup milk plus 3 tbsps butter |
| Cream (whipped) |
1 cup |
1 cup frozen whipped topping, thawed |
| Cream Cheese |
1 cup |
1 cup pureed cottage cheese OR 1 cup plain yogurt, strained overnight in a cheesecloth |
| Cream of Tartar |
1 tsp |
2 tsps lemon juice or vinegar |
| Crème Fraiche |
1 cup |
Combine 1 cup of heavy cream and 1 tbsp of plain yogurt. Let stand for 6 hours at room temperature |
| Egg |
1 whole (3 tbsps or 1.7 oz) |
2 1/2 tbsps of powdered egg substitute plus 2 1/2 tbsps water OR 1/4 cup liquid egg substitute OR 1/4 cup silken tofu pureed OR 3 tbsps mayonnaise OR half a banana mashed with 1/2 tsp baking powder OR 1 tbsp powdered flax seed soaked in 3 tbsps water |
| Evaporated Milk |
1 cup |
1 cup light cream |
| Farmer's Cheese |
8 ounces |
8 ounces dry cottage cheese OR 8 ounces creamed cottage cheese, drained |
| Fats for Baking |
1 cup |
1 cup applesauce OR 1 cup fruit puree |
| Flour--Bread |
1 cup |
1 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 tsp wheat gluten (available at health food stores & some supermarkets) |
| Flour--Cake |
1 cup |
1 cup all-purpose flour minus 2 tbsps |
| Flour--Self-Rising |
1 cup |
7/8 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 1/2 tsps baking powder and 1/2 tsp of salt |
| Garlic |
1 clove |
1/8 tsp garlic powder OR 1/2 tsp granulated garlic OR 1/2 tsp garlic salt--reduce salt in recipe |
| Gelatin |
1 tbsp, granulated |
2 tsps agar agar |
| Ginger--Dry |
1 tsp |
2 tsps chopped fresh ginger |
| Ginger--Fresh |
1 tsp, minced |
1/2 tsp ground dried ginger |
| Green Onion |
1/2 cup, chopped |
1/2 cup chopped onion, OR 1/2 cup chopped leek OR 1/2 cup chopped shallots |
| Hazelnuts |
1 cup whole |
1 cup macadamia nuts OR 1 cup almonds |
| Herbs--Fresh |
1 tbsp chopped fresh |
1 tsp (chopped or whole leaf) dried herbs |
| Herring |
8 ounces |
8 ounces of sardines |
| Honey |
1 cup |
1 1/4 cup white sugar plus 1/3 cup water OR 1 cup corn syrup OR 1 cup light treacle syrup |
| Hot Pepper Sauce |
1 tsp |
3/4 tsp cayenne pepper plus 1 tsp vinegar |
| Ketchup |
1 cup |
1 cup tomato sauce plus 1 tsp vinegar plus 1 tbsp sugar |
| Lard |
1 cup |
1 cup shortening OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil OR 1 cup butter |
| Lemon Grass |
2 fresh stalks |
1 tbsp lemon zest |
| Lemon Juice |
1 tsp |
1/2 tsp vinegar OR 1 tsp white wine OR 1 tsp lime juice |
| Lemon Zest |
1 tsp |
1/2 tsp lemon extract OR 2 tbsps lemon juice |
| Lime Juice |
1 tsp |
1 tsp vinegar OR 1 tsp white wine OR 1 tsp lemon juice |
| Lime Zest |
1 tsp |
1 tsp lemon zest |
| Macadamia Nuts |
1 cup |
1 cup almonds OR 1 cup hazelnuts |
| Mace |
1 tsp |
1 tsp nutmeg |
| Margarine |
1 cup |
1 cup shortening plus 1/2 tsp salt OR 1 cup butter OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil plus 1/2 tsp salt OR 7/8 cup lard plus 1/2 tsp salt |
| Mayonnaise |
1 cup |
1 cup sour cream OR 1 cup plain yogurt |
| Milk--Whole |
1 cup |
1 cup soy milk OR 1 cup rice milk OR 1 cup water or juice OR 1/4 cup dry milk powder plus 1 cup water OR 2/3 cup evaporated milk plus 1/3 cup water |
| Mint--Fresh |
1/4 cup chopped |
1 tbsp dried mint leaves |
| Molasses |
1 cup |
Mix 3/4 cup brown sugar and 1 tsp cream of tartar |
| Mustard--Prepared |
1 tbsp |
Mix together 1 tbsp dried mustard, 1 tsp water, 1 tsp vinegar and 1 tsp sugar |
| Onion |
1 cup, chopped |
1 cup chopped green onions OR 1 cup chopped shallots OR 1 cup chopped leeks OR 1/4 cup dried minced onion OR 1/4 cup onion powder |
| Orange Juice |
1 tbsp |
1 tbsp other citrus juice |
| Orange Zest |
1 tbsp |
1/2 tsp orange extract OR 1 tsp lemon juice |
| Parmesan Cheese |
1/2 cup, grated |
1/2 cup grated Asiago cheese OR 1/2 cup grated Romano cheese |
| Parsley |
1 tbsp chopped fresh |
1 tbsp chopped fresh chervil OR 1 tsp dried parsley |
| Pepperoni |
1 ounce |
1 ounce salami |
| Raisin |
1 cup |
1 cup dried currants OR 1 cup dried cranberries OR 1 cup chopped pitted prunes |
| Rice--White |
1 cup, cooked |
1 cup cooked barley OR 1 cup cooked bulgur OR 1 cup cooked brown or wild rice |
| Ricotta |
1 cup |
1 cup dry cottage cheese OR 1 cup silken tofu |
| Rum |
1 tbsp |
1/2 tsp rum extract, plus enough water to make 1 tbsp |
| Saffron |
1/4 tsp |
1/4 tsp turmeric |
| Salami |
1 ounce |
1 ounce pepperoni |
| Self-Rising Flour |
1 cup |
1 cup all purpose flour and 1 1/4 tsp baking powder |
| Semisweet Chocolate Chips |
1 cup |
1 cup chocolate candies OR 1 cup peanut butter or other flavored chips OR 1 cup chopped nuts OR 1 cup chopped dried fruit |
| Shallots, Chopped |
1/2 cup |
1/2 cup chopped onion, OR 1/2 cup chopped leek OR 1/2 cup chopped green onion |
| Shortening |
1 cup |
1 cup butter OR 1 cup margarine minus 1/2 tsp salt from recipe |
| Sour Cream |
1 cup |
1 cup plain yogurt OR 1 tbsp lemon juice or vinegar plus enough cream to make 1 cup OR 3/4 cup buttermilk mixed with 1/3 cup butter |
| Sour Milk |
1 cup |
1 tbsp vinegar or lemon juice mixed with enough milk to make 1 cup: Let stand 5 minutes to thicken |
| Soy Sauce |
1/2 cup |
4 tbsps Worcestershire sauce mixed with 1 tbsp water |
| Stock--Beef or Chicken |
1 cup |
1 cube beef or chicken bouillon dissolved in 1 cup water |
| Sweetened Condensed Milk |
1 (14-ounce) can |
3/4 cup white sugar mixed with 1/2 cup water and 1 1/8 cups dry powdered milk: Bring to a boil and cook, stirring frequently, until thickened, about 20 minutes |
| Thai Soy Sauce |
1 cup |
1/4 cup oyster sauce and 1 tbsp plus 2 tsp soy sauce and 2 tbsp packed dark brown sugar and 1 tbsp distilled white vinegar and 1 tsp molasses and 1 tsp fish sauce |
| Vegetable Oil (for baking) |
1 cup |
1 cup applesauce OR 1 cup fruit puree |
| Vegetable Oil (for frying) |
1 cup |
1 cup lard OR 1 cup vegetable shortening |
| Vinegar |
1 tsp |
1 tsp lemon or lime juice OR 2 tsps white wine |
| White Sugar |
1 cup |
1 cup brown sugar OR 1 1/4 cups confectioners' sugar OR 3/4 cup honey OR 3/4 cup corn syrup |
| Wine |
1 cup |
1 cup chicken or beef broth OR 1 cup fruit juice mixed with 2 tsps vinegar OR 1 cup water |
| Yeast--Active dry |
1 (.25-ounce) package |
1 cake compressed yeast OR 2 1/2 tsps active dry yeast OR 2 1/2 tsps rapid rise yeast |
| Yogurt |
1 cup |
1 cup sour cream OR 1 cup buttermilk OR 1 cup sour milk |